À¯¼º¿øÀÇ È¨ÆäÀÌÁö

 

                       

 

 

  • Home
  • English Quiz
  • Expressions
  • Happy thought
  • Freeboard
  • One Word
  • Dictation
  • Humor
  • Coolsite
  • ComTips
  • ID:
    PW:

         0 ºÐ
         1 ºÐ

    ¿µ¾îÀÚ·á½Ç


    0
     122   7   6
      View Articles

    Name  
       sysop (2004-09-11 19:24:59, Hit : 2705, Vote : 624)
    Subject  
       £À¼º¹®±âº»¿µ¾î¿ä¾à £À

    Á¦ 1 Àå   ¸í      »ç(Noun)

    ¸í»ç : »ý¹°À̳ª ¹«»ý¹°ÀÇ À̸§À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸»
    1. ¸í»çÀÇ Á¾·ù
                        +- º¸Åë¸í»ç(°°Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ µ¿¹° »ç¹°¿¡ µÎ·ç ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸í»ç·Î, ´ëºÎºÐ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ð½ÀÀ»
           +---°¡»ê¸í»ç |           °¡Áö°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¼¿ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù(ex- boy, girl, flower, city, car)
    ¸í»ç   |   (º¹¼öÇü  +- ÁýÇÕ¸í»ç(»ç¶÷ ¶Ç´Â »ç¹°ÀÇ ÁýÇÕü¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼¿ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
           |    °¡´É)                    ex- class, family, people
           |            +- °íÀ¯¸í»ç(Àθí Áö¸íÀ̳ª ƯÁ¤ÇÑ »ç¹°ÀÇ À̸§À¸·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸í»ç·Î¼­, ¼¿ ¼ö ¾ø
           |            |          ´Ù. °íÀ¯¸í»ç´Â ´ë¹®ÀÚ·Î ¾²±â ½ÃÀÛÇϸç, ¿øÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î º¹¼ö·Î ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø
           |            |          °í, °ü»ç¸¦ ºÙÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ °Ç¹°¸í ÇÏõ¸í »ê¸Æ ¹Ýµµ ½Å¹® ÀâÁö
           |            |          ¹è ³ª¶ó À̸§ µûÀ§¿¡´Â the¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
           +-ºÒ°¡»ê¸í»ç |           ex- Mt. Everest, the Digest, the Thames, the Malay Peninsular
               (º¹¼öÇü  +- ¹°Áú¸í»ç(¹°ÁúÀÇ À̸§À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸í»ç·Î¼­, ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ð¾çÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ¸
                ºÒ°¡)   |          ¹Ç·Î ¼¿ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
                        |          ex- sugar, gold, paper, gas, snow
                        +- Ãß»ó¸í»ç(»ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°ÀÇ ¼ºÁú µ¿ÀÛ »óÅ µîÀÇ Ãß»óÀûÀÎ °³³äÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °Í
                                  À¸·Î ¼¿ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¸í»çÀÌ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ µ¿»ç³ª Çü¿ë»ç¿¡¼­ ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ
                                  ¸¹´Ù.
                                   ex- hope, life, kindness, beauty

    ¡á ¸í»çÀÇ ÁÖÀÇÇÒ ¿ë¹ý
    ¨ç º¸Åë¸í»çÀÇ Ãß»ó¸í»çÈ­-  [the + º¸Åë¸í»ç]°¡ Ãß»ó¸í»ç
                               The pen is mightier than the sword.
    ¨è °íÀ¯¸í»çÀÇ º¸Åë¸í»çÈ­- ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç³ª ¼ö»ç°¡ ºÙ°í º¹¼öÇüÀÌ °¡´É
                               He is a Mr. Brown.
                               I wish to become a Newton.
    ¨é ¹°Áú¸í»çÀÇ º¸Åë¸í»çÈ­- ¹°Áú¸í»çÀÇ ¶æÀÌ º¯ÇÏ¿© ±× ¹°ÁúÀÇ Á¾·ù Á¦Ç° µîÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °æ¿ì·Î¼­,
                               ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç°¡ ºÙ°í º¹¼öÇüÀ¸·Îµµ µÈ´Ù.
                               This is a very good wine.(Á¾·ù)
                               Father puts on glasses.(Á¦Ç°)
                               The boys threw stones at the dog.(°³Ã¼)
    ¨ê Ãß»ó¸í»çÀÇ º¸Åë¸í»çÈ­- Ãß»ó¸í»ç°¡ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ Á¾·ù³ª ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ½Ç·Ê¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾î º¸Åë¸í»çÈ­ µÊ.
                               ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç°¡ ºÙ°í, º¹¼öÇüÀ¸·Îµµ µÈ´Ù.
                               He has done me a kindness.(±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§)
                               She is a beauty.(»ç¶÷)

    2. ¸í»çÀÇ ¼ö

    ´Ü¼ö¿Í º¹¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

    (1) ±ÔÄ¢º¯È­
      ¨Í ´Ü¼öÇü ¾î¹Ì¿¡ -s¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
         book-books   map-maps       girl-girls        tree-trees
    ¨Î ¾î¹Ì°¡ s,z,sh,x,ch·Î ³¡³ª¸é -es¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
         bus-buses    box-boxes     bench-benches      dish-dishes
    ¨Ï [ÀÚÀ½ + y]·Î ³¡³ª´Â ¸»Àº y¸¦ i·Î °íÄ¡°í -es¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
        city-cities   lady-ladies  
    ¨Ð [¸ðÀ½ + y]·Î ³¡³ª´Â ¸»Àº ±×´ë·Î -s¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ. ¹ßÀ½Àº [z]
        boy-boys      chimney-chimneys     monkey-monkeys
    ¨Ñ [ÀÚÀ½ + o]·Î ³¡³ª´Â ¸»Àº -es¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ. ¹ßÀ½Àº [z]
        hero-heroes   potato-potatoes
        ¿¹¿Ü: piano-pianos, photo-photos,  radio-radios
    ¨Ò ¾î¹Ì°¡ f, fe·Î ³¡³ª¸é v·Î °íÄ¡°í -es¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ. ¹ßÀ½Àº [vz]
        leaf-leaves   wolf-wolves   knife-knives   wife-wives
        ¿¹¿Ü: roof-roofs   safe-safes(±Ý°í)
    (2) ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ º¯È­
    ¨Í ¸ðÀ½À» º¯È­½ÃÅ°´Â °æ¿ì
        man-men   woman-women   foot-feet   tooth-teeth
    ¨Î ¾î¹Ì¿¡ -enÀ» ºÙÀδÙ.
        ox-oxen   child-children
    ¨Ï ´Ü¼ö¿Í º¹¼öÀÇ ÇüÅ°¡ °°Àº °Í
        fish-fish   deer-deer   sheep-sheep   Japanese-Japanese   Swiss-Swiss

    3. ¸í»çÀÇ °Ý
    '°Ý'À̶õ ¸í»ç ¶Ç´Â ´ë¸í»ç°¡ ¹®Àå ÁßÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¾î±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °¡Áö´Â ¹®¹ýÀûÀÎ °ü°è¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
    (1) ÁÖ°ÝÀÇ ¿ë¹ý-ÁÖ¾î, Áְݺ¸¾î, È£°Ý, µ¿°Ý
       The boy is very strong.
       He is a good pianist.
       Tom, study hard.
       That man is Mr.Smith, our English teacher.
    (2) ¸ñÀû°ÝÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- µ¿»ç¿Í ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î, ¸ñÀûº¸¾î, ¸ñÀû¾îÀÇ µ¿°Ý
       He washed his hands.
       Write in blue ink.
       We call him Jim.
       I met our teacher, Mr. Smith.
    (3) ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀÇ ¿ë¹ý-
       ¨ç »ç¶÷°ú µ¿¹°À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸í»ç´Â ¾î¹Ì¿¡ 's¸¦ ºÙ¿© ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» ¸¸µé°í, -s·Î ³¡³ª´Â º¹¼ö¸í»ç´Â
          Apostrophe(')¸¸ ºÙÀδÙ.
          the boy's bag       the boys' books       a girls' school
       ¨è ¹«»ý¹°ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¿øÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î of¸¦ ½á¼­ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù.
          the door of this classroom
       ¨é ½Ã°£ °Å¸® ¹«°Ô¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °æ¿ì´Â 's¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
          today's newspaper    an hour's walk       five miles' distance

       ¨ê °øµ¿ ¼ÒÀ¯¿Í °³º° ¼ÒÀ¯
          He is Tom and Mary's uncle.(°øµ¿ ¼ÒÀ¯)
          These are Tom's and Mary's books(°³º° ¼ÒÀ¯)
       ¨ë ÀÌÁß¼ÒÀ¯°Ý- a(an), this, that, some, anyµî°ú °°ÀÌ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» ¾µ ¶§¿¡´Â of¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿©
                      ÀÌÁß¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù.
          He is a friend of my brother's.
          This dress of hers is not new.
          Do you know any friends of his?
          Look at that house of Mr. Kim's.
       ¨ì ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý µÚÀÇ ¸í»ç¸¦ »ý·«ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
         a)¸í»çÀÇ ¹Ýº¹À» ÇÇÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
           This bag is my mother's(bag).
         b)house, store µîÀÌ ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý µÚ¿¡ ¿À¸é º¸Åë »ý·«µÈ´Ù.
           I will stay at my uncle's (house) during the winter vacation.
           I bought some apples at Mr. Lee's (store).
           My father went to the barber's (shop).

    4. ¸í»çÀÇ ¼º(àõ)

    +-³²¼º- man, father, boy, brother µî
    +-¿©¼º- woman,mother, girl, sister µî
    +-Å뼺- parent, friend, child, reader µî
    +-Áß¼º- tree, table, book, pencil µî
    Å뼺Àº ³²³àÀÇ ±¸º°Àº À־ ±× ±¸º°À» ³ªÅ¸³»Áö ¾Ê´Â °Í.

    (1) ¿©¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ Á¢¹Ì¾î°¡ ºÙ´Â °Í.
         prince-princess     hero-heroine     waiter-waitress
    (2) ¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸»ÀÌ ºÙ´Â °Í
         boy-friendgirl-friend  
    (3) ÀüÇô ´Ù¸¥ ¸»À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
         son-daughter    man-woman    brother-sister    husband-wife


    Á¦ 2 Àå   °ü      »ç(Article)

    °ü»ç : Çü¿ë»çÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç(a, an)¿Í Á¤°ü»ç(the)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
             a´Â ÀÚÀ½À¸·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ ¸» ¾Õ¿¡, anÀº ¸ðÀ½À¸·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ ¸» ¾Õ¿¡ ¾´´Ù.
             ex) a pencil, a desk ; an umbrella, an animal
            ±×·¯³ª öÀÚ°¡ ÀÚÀ½À¸·Î ½ÃÀÛµÇÁö¸¸ ¸ðÀ½À¸·Î ¹ßÀ½µÇ´Â ³¹¸» ¾Õ¿¡´Â anÀ» ¾´´Ù.
             ex) an hour, an honest boy
            Ã¶ÀÚ°¡ ¸ðÀ½À¸·Î ½ÃÀÛµÇÁö¸¸ ÀÚÀ½À¸·Î ¹ßÀ½µÇ¸é a¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
             ex) a useful animal, a university
    1. ÜôïÒήÞòÀÇ ¿ë¹ý

    (1) ´Ü¼ö º¸Åë¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ¸·¿¬È÷ [ÇϳªÀÇ] ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÓ- Çؼ® ºÒÇÊ¿ä
            ex) He is an honest boy.
    (2) one(Çϳª)ÀÇ ¶æ- Çؼ® ÇÊ¿ä
            ex) There are twelve months in a year.
                Rome was not built in a day.
    (3) any(¾î¶²-¶óµµ, -¶ó´Â °Í)ÀÇ ¶æ-¾î¶² Á¾·ù Àüü¸¦ ´ëÇ¥Çϴµ¥, ÀÌ °æ¿ì¸¦ ´ëÇ¥´Ü¼ö¶ó ÇÔ
            ex) A fox is a cunning animal.
    (4) a certain(¾î¶²)ÀÇ ¶æ
            ex) An old man came to see you.
                I met a Smith there.
    (5) per(-¿¡ ´ëÇØ, -¸¶´Ù)
            ex) I write to my parents twice a month.
                We work eight hours a day.
    (6) the same(°°Àº)ÀÇ ¶æ
            ex) They are not of an age.

    2. ïÒήÞòÀÇ ¿ë¹ý

      Á¤°ü»ç´Â ÀÚÀ½ ¾Õ¿¡¼­´Â [´õ], ¸ðÀ½ ¾Õ¿¡¼­´Â [µð]·Î ¹ßÀ½

    (1) ¾Õ¿¡ ³ª¿Â ¸í»ç°¡ µÚÀÇ ¹®Àå¿¡ ´Ù½Ã ³ª¿Ã ¶§
            ex) He gave me a book. The book is very interesting.
    (2) ¼­·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» °¡¸®Å³ ¶§
            ex) Would you please open the window?
    (3) ¼ö½Ä¾î±¸·Î ÇÑÁ¤µÉ ¶§
            ex) The books on the desk are mine
    (4) ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ À¯ÀÏÇÑ °Í
            ex) the moon, the sun, The world is changing.
    (5) ¼­¼ö³ª ÃÖ»ó±ÞÀÇ ¾Õ
            ex) He received the first prize in the speech contest.
                She is the tallest girl in her class.
    (6) Á¾Á· Àüü¸¦ ´ëÇ¥ÇÒ °æ¿ì
            ex) The dog is a useful animal. [the + ´Ü¼ö º¸Åë¸í»ç]
                A dog is a useful animal.    [a + ´Ü¼ö º¸Åë¸í»ç]
                Dogs are useful animal.      [º¹¼ö º¸Åë¸í»ç]
            cf. They are students of our school.(ÀϺκÐÀÇ Çлýµé)
                They are the students of our school.(Àü±³»ý)
    (7) ´ë¸í»çÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý ´ë½Å¿¡ the¸¦ ¾¸
            ex) He caught me by the hand.
                Uncle patted me on the shoulder.
    (8) the + Çü¿ë»ç = º¹¼ö º¸Åë¸í»ç
            ex) You must kind to the old.  (old people)
    (9) αéÄåÞÏ£
            ex) in the morning, in the park, in the sky, on the farm µî

    3. Á¤°ü»ç¿Í °íÀ¯¸í»ç

    °íÀ¯¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡´Â ¿øÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î °ü»ç¸¦ ºÙÀÏ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸³ª, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °æ¿ì´Â ¿¹¿Ü·Î ºÙÀδÙ.
    (1) °ü°ø¼­³ª °ø°ø°Ç¹°ÀÇ À̸§
            ex) the White House, the National Museum
         cf. ¿ª¸í °ø¿ø¸í È£¼ö¸í¿¡´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î the¸¦ ºÙÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
            ex) Seoul Station, Namsan Park, Lake Como
                Pagoda Park is in Seoul, you know.
    (2) °­ ¹Ù´Ù À̸§ ¾Õ¿¡´Â the¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
            ex) the Thames, the Pacific (Ocean)
    (3) »ê¸Æ ¹Ýµµ À̸§ ¾Õ¿¡ the¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
            ex) the Rocky Mountain
                the Malay Peninsula
    (4) ½Å¹® ÀâÁö ¹è À̸§ µî¿¡ the¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
            ex) the New York Times
                the Digest, the Mayflower(¸ÞÀÌÇöó¿ö È£)
    (5) ³ª¶ó À̸§¿¡ the¸¦ ºÙÀ̱⵵ ÇÑ´Ù.
            ex) the United States of America, the Netherlands

    4. °ü»çÀÇ À§Ä¡

    (1) too, so, as, how µîÀÇ ºÎ»ç°¡ ¿À¸é ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç´Â Çü¿ë»ç µÚ¿¡ ³õÀδÙ.
         too(so, as, how) + Çü¿ë»ç + a(ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç)
            ex) This is too difficult a book for me to read.
                We had so good a time.= We had a very good time.
                Jack is as wise a boy as Tom (is). = Jack is as wise as Tom.
                How Pretty a girl she is! = What a pretty girl she is!
    (2) such, quite ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç°¡ ¿Â´Ù.
         such(quite) + a(ºÎÁ¤°ü»ç) + Çü¿ë»ç
            ex) You can't do the work in such a short time.
                Mrs. Kim is quite a good cook.
    (3) all, both ´ÙÀ½¿¡ the°¡ ¿Â´Ù.
            ex) All the members went there.
                Both the brothers were brave.

    5. °ü»çÀÇ »ý·«

    (1) »ó´ë¹æÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¶§(È£°Ý)
            ex) Waiter, give me a glass of water.
    (2) Àڱ⠰¡Á·ÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øÀ» °¡¸®Å³ ¶§
            ex) Mother bought me this book.
    (3) °üÁ÷ ½ÅºÐÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¸»ÀÌ º¸¾î·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§
            ex) We elected him President.
    (4) °Ç¹° ±â±¸°¡ º»·¡ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§
            ex) go to school, go to church, go to bed
            cf. I will go to the school to meet him.(¼ö¾÷ÇÏ·¯ °¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í, ´Ù¸¥ º¼ÀÏ·Î °¡¹Ç·Î
                the¸¦ ¾¸)
    (5) ¿îµ¿ ½Ä»ç Áúº´ À̸§ ¾Õ¿¡´Â the¸¦ ºÙÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
            ex) I have breakfast at 7:30.
                They are playing soccer.
                He died of cancer.
            cf. ¾Ç±â À̸§¿¡´Â the¸¦ ºÙÀδÙ.
            ex) Tom plays the violin well.
    (6) αéÄÏ£
            ex) go by bus(= go in a bus), on foot, from morning till night
    (7) ´ë±¸(ÓßÏ£)¸¦ ÀÌ·ê ¶§
            ex) Knife and fork, arm in arm

    6. °ü»çÀÇ »ý·«°ú ¹Ýº¹

    2°³ ¶Ç´Â 2°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¸í»ç°¡ and·Î À̾îÁú ¶§, µÚÀÇ °ü»ç¸¦ »ý·«ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿Í ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ±× ¶æÀÌ
    ´Ù¸£´Ù.
            ex) A teacher and poet was present at the meeting.(µ¿ÀÏ Àι°)-±³»çÀÌÀÚ ½ÃÀÎÀÎ »ç¶÷
                A teacher and a poet were present at the meeting.(´Ù¸¥ Àι°)-ÇÑ ±³»ç¿Í ÇÏ ½ÃÀÎ


    Á¦ 3 Àå   ´ë ¸í »ç(Pronoun)

                        [ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç]

    ´ë¸í»ç : »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹° Áï, ¸í»ç ´ë½Å¿¡ ¾²´Â ¸»

    1. ´ë¸í»çÀÇ Á¾·ù

    (1) ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç- ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀ̳ª »ó´ë¹æ, ±×¸®°í Á¦ 3 ÀÚ¸¦ ±¸º°ÇÏ¿© ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                 ex) I, you, she, we, they µî
                     myself, yourself ´Â Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç¶ó°í ÇÔ
    (2) Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç- »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                 ex) this(these), that(those)
    (3) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç- Àǹ®À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                 ex) who(´©±¸), what(¹«¾ù), which(¾î´À °Í)
    (4) ÜôïÒÓÛÙ£Þò- »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» ¸·¿¬È÷ °¡¸®Å°´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                 ex) one, none, any, some, each, every, other, others, another
    (5) °ü°è´ë¸í»ç- ´ë¸í»ç¿Í Á¢¼Ó»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                 ex) who, which, that, what µî
                     I think that he is honest.        (Á¢¼Ó»ç)
                     That is his father.               (Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç)
                     Look at that boy.                 (Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç)
                     I know a boy who can speak French.(°ü°è´ë¸í»ç)
                     Who is the lady over there?       (Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç)
                     Which season do you like best?    (Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç)


    2. ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç

    (1) ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»çÀÇ °Ýº¯È­

    +-------+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    | ÀΠĪ |       |ÁÖ °Ý|¼ÒÀ¯°Ý|¸ñÀû°Ý|¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç|Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç|
    +-------+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       | ´Ü ¼ö |  I  |  my  |  me  |   mine   |  myself  |
    |Á¦1ÀÎĪ+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       | º¹ ¼ö | we  | our  |  us  |   ours   |ourselves |
    +-------+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       | ´Ü ¼ö | you | your | you  |   yours  | yourself |
    |Á¦2ÀÎĪ+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       | º¹ ¼ö | you | your | you  |   yours  |yourselves|
    +-------+--+----+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       |´Ü|³²¼º| he  | his  | him  |   his    | himself  |
    |       |  +----+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       |  |¿©¼º| she | her  | her  |   hers   | herself  |
    |Á¦3ÀÎĪ|¼ö+----+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       |  |Áß¼º| it  | its  |  it  |  (its)   |  itself  |
    |       +--+----+-----+------+------+----------+----------+
    |       | º¹ ¼ö |they |their | them |  theirs  |themselves|
    +-------+-------+-----+------+------+----------+----------+

                 ex) He can speak English very well. (ÁÖ°Ý)
                 ex) His parents are working in the garden. (¼ÒÀ¯°Ý)
                 ex) Mother bought him a new watch. (¸ñÀû°Ý)
                 ex) The books on the desk are his. (¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç)
                 ex) He thinks of himself only. (Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç)
    (2) ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç(=¼ÒÀ¯°Ý+¸í»ç)ÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
                 ex) This book is mine. = This is my book.
         ¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ a, an, this, some, any, no µî°ú ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» °°ÀÌ ¾µ ¶§¿¡´Â
         '¸í»ç + of + ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç' ¼ø¼­·Î ÇÏ¿© ÀÌÁß¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù.
                 ex) Do you know any friends of hers?
                 cf. it's´Â it isÀÇ Áظ»ÀÌ°í, its´Â ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ¸·Î '±×°ÍÀÇ'¶ó´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù.
                 ex) What is that?  It's a cat
                     Look at the cat. Its tail is short.
    (3) we, you, theyÀÇ Æ¯º°¿ë¹ý- ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç Áß¿¡¼­ we, you, they´Â ¸·¿¬È÷ ÀÏ¹Ý »ç¶÷À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â
                                   °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ¾´´Ù.
                 ex) We have much rain in June.
                     You should obey your parents.
                     They say that he is honest.
    (4) Àç±Í´ë¸í»çÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
       ¨ç Àç±ÍÀû ¿ë¹ý- ÁÖ¾îÀÇ µ¿ÀÛÀÌ Àڽſ¡°Ô µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â °æ¿ì·Î, µ¿»ç ȤÀº ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î·Î »ç¿ëµÊ.
                 ex) He killed himself.
                     She looked at herself in the mirror.
       ¨è °­Á¶Àû ¿ë¹ý- ÁÖ¾î, ¸ñÀû¾î, º¸¾îÀÇ ¶æÀ» °­Á¶Çϱâ À§ÇØ ¾²ÀÌ´Â Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç·Î »ý·«ÀÌ °¡´É.
                 ex) Tom did the work himself. = Tom himself did the work.(ÁÖ¾î °­Á¶)
                     I want to see your father himself.                   (¸ñÀû¾î °­Á¶)
                     It was Mary herself that met him in the park.        (º¸¾î °­Á¶)
       ¨é ÀüÄ¡»ç¿Í Àç±Í´ë¸í»çÀÇ °ü¿ë¾î
                 ex) She went there by herself.   (È¥ÀÚ¼­=alone)
                     You can't live for yourself. (È¥ÀÚ ÈûÀ¸·Î)
                     The door opened of itself.   (ÀúÀý·Î)

    3. itÀÇ Æ¯º°¿ë¹ý

    (1) ³¯¾¾ ½Ã°¢ °Å¸® °èÀý ¿äÀÏ µîÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â it
                 ex) It is raining outside.                      (³¯¾¾)
                     It was very hot yesterday.                  
                     What time is it now? It is just ten o'clock.(½Ã°¢)
                     How far is it from here to your school?     (°Å¸®)
                     It is winter now.                           (°èÀý)
                     What day (of the week)is it today? It is Monday today. (¿äÀÏ)
                     It is getting dark.                         (¸í¾Ï)
                     What's the date today? It is February 7(th) (today).
    (2) °¡ÁÖ¾î¿Í °¡¸ñÀû¾î·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â it- ¸í»ç±¸³ª ¸í»çÀýÀ» ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© Çü½Ä»óÀÇ Á־ Çü½Ä»óÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î
                                          ·Î ¾²ÀδÙ.
                 ex) It is easy to read this book.(it=to read this book)
                     It is true that he went there.
                     I think it easy to read this book.
                     I think it true that he told a lie.
    (3) It is-thatÀÇ °­Á¶±¸¹®- (-Àº ¹Ù·Î -ÀÌ´Ù)
                 ex) I saw Mary at the station yesterday. ÀÇ °­Á¶±¸¹®
       ¨ç ÁÖ¾î(I)¸¦ °­Á¶ÇÒ °æ¿ì
                 ex) It was I that saw Mary at the station yesterday.
       ¨è ¸ñÀû¾î(Mary)¸¦ °­Á¶ÇÒ °æ¿ì
                 ex) It was Mary that I saw at the station yesterday.
       ¨é ºÎ»ç(±¸)at the station, yesterday)¸¦ °­Á¶ÇÒ °æ¿ì
                 ex) It was at the station that I saw Mary yesterday.
                     It was yesterday that I saw Mary at the station.
       ¡Ø °­Á¶ºÎºÐÀÌ »ç¶÷ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â that ´ë½Å¿¡ who³ª whomÀ» ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Àå¼ÒÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â where,
          ½Ã°£ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â whenÀ» ¾µ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
                 ex) It was this afternoon when I met Miss Kim.
                     It was Miss Kim whom I met this afternoon.
                     It was in the park where I met Miss Kim.
                     It was Tom who broke the window yesterday.

    4. Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç- »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°°Å³ª ¾ÕµÚÀÇ ¾î±¸ ¶Ç´Â ³»¿ëÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Âµ¥, ±× Á¾·ù
                             ¿¡´Â this(these)¿Í that(those)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Çü¿ë»ç°¡ ¿À¸é
                             Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç°¡ µÈ´Ù.
                 ex) This is my pen.(Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç)  This pen is mine.(Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç)
                     Is that your father? (Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç)
      ¡Ø Áö½Ã´ë¸í»çÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä¿ë¹ý
         (1) ¸í»çÀÇ ¹Ýº¹À» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇÑ that(those)
                 ex) The winter of this year is colder than that of last year.
                     The houses of Seoul are more expensive than those of other cities.
         (2) ¾Õ¿¡ ³ª¿Â ¹®Àå Àüü¸¦ ¹Þ´Â that
                 ex) I didn't say anything. That made him angry.
         (3) those who=-ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé(those=people)
                 ex) Heaven helps those who help themselves.
                     He went there this day week.(±×´Â Áö³­ÁÖÀÇ ¿À´Ã °Å±â¿¡ °¬´Ù.)
                     at this time (of) next year.(³»³â À̸¾¶§)


    Á¦ 4 Àå   ´ë¸í»ç(Pronoun)
    (ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç)

    1. ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç - »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» ¸·¿¬ÇÏ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ´ë¸í»ç
                
    (1) oneÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- oneÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀº one'sÀÌ°í, ¸ñÀû°ÝÀº oneÀ̸ç, º¹¼ö´Â onesÀÌ´Ù.
       ¨ç ÀϹݻç¶÷À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °æ¿ì
               ex) One should obey one's parents.
       ¨è ¾Õ¿¡ ³ª¿Â ¸í»çÀÇ ¹Ýº¹À» ÇÇÇϱâ À§Çؼ­
               ex) If you need a pen, I will lend you one. [a + ¸í»ç = one]
               cf. Do you have the book? Yes, I have it. [the + ¸í»ç = it]
       ¨é no oneÀº ´Ü¼ö·Î, noneÀº º¹¼ö·Î Ãë±Þ
               ex) No one knows her name.
                   None of them know her name.
    (2) some°ú anyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- someÀº ±àÁ¤¹®¿¡, any´Â Àǹ®¹® ºÎÁ¤¹® Á¶°Ç¹®(ifÀý)¿¡ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢
               ex) Do you have any pencil?
                   Yes, I have some.   No, I don't have any.
                   If you have any money, lend me some.
       ¨ç some ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ´Ü¼ö¸í»ç°¡ ¿À¸é [¾î¶²]ÀÇ ¶æÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
               ex) I saw the flower in some house.
       ¨è ±ÇÀ¯Çϰųª ±àÁ¤ÀÇ ´ë´äÀ» ¿¹»óÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â Àǹ®¹®¿¡ someÀ» ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
               ex) Will you have some milk? (=Please have some milk.)
       ¨é any°¡ ±àÁ¤¹®¿¡ ¾²À̸é [¾î¶² -¶óµµ]ÀÇ ¶æÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
               ex) Any child can do a thing like that.
       ¨ê any´Â ºÎÁ¤¹®¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾î·Î ¾µ ¼ö¾ø´Ù.
               ex) Any of them can not do it.( )
                   None of them can do it.(0)
    (3) other, others, anotherÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
       ¨ç µÑ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â oneÀÌ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö Çϳª´Â the otherÀÌ´Ù.
               ex) I have two cats; one is black and the other is white.
       ¨è ¸·¿¬ÇÑ ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â others·Î, ÁöÁ¤µÈ ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â the others·Î ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.
               ex) Some boys like baseball, and others do not like it.
                   Four of them liked the idea; the others did not.
       ¨é ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¾²ÀÎ others´Â other peopleÀÇ ¶æ
               ex) He likes to work for others.
       ¨ê ÇÑ °³ÀÇ °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ [´Ù¸¥ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ °Í]À» ¸»ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â another¸¦ ¾´´Ù.
               ex) I don't like this cap. Show me another.
    (4) each¿Í everyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ´Ü¼ö Ãë±Þ
               ex) Each of them has his own book.
                   Every member was present at the meeting.
    ¡Ø each other(µÑÀ̼­ ¼­·Î), one another(¼Â ÀÌ»ó ¼­·Î)´Â ¾ö°ÝÈ÷ ±¸º°µÇÁö ¾Ê°í È¥¿ëµÈ´Ù.
    (5) all°ú bothÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- allÀº ¼Â ÀÌ»óÀÎ °æ¿ì, both´Â µÑÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡ ¾²¸ç º¹¼öÃë±Þ. allÀÌ ´Ü¼ö°¡
                           µÉ ¶§µµ ÀÖ´Ù.
               ex) All of them are middle school students.
                   All is silent. [¸¸¹°ÀÌ °í¿äÇÏ´Ù]
                   Both (of) the sisters are very pretty.
    (6) ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤°ú ÀüüºÎÁ¤- every, all, both¿Í not¸¦ °°ÀÌ ¾²¸é ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
               ex) They don't know everything.[ºÎºÐºÎÁ¤]
                   They don't know anything.  [ÀüüºÎÁ¤]
                   I did not meet all of them.(=I met only some of them)
                   I did not meet any of them.
                   I don't know both of them.
                   I don't know either of them.
    2. Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç

    +--------------------+------------+------------+------------+
    |     ¿ë     µµ      |   ÁÖ  °Ý   |  ¼Ò À¯ °Ý  |  ¸ñ Àû °Ý  |
    +--------------------+------------+------------+------------+
    |     »ç     ¶÷      |    who     |    whose   |    whom    |
    +--------------------+------------+------------+------------+
    |     »ç¹° µ¿¹°      |   which    |    -----   |    which   |
    +--------------------+------------+------------+------------+
    |   »ç¶÷ »ç¹° µ¿¹°   |   what     |    -----   |    what    |
    +--------------------+------------+------------+------------+
    (1) whoÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- »ç¶÷ÀÇ À̸§À̳ª °¡Á·°ü°è¸¦ ¹°¾îº¼ ¶§ »ç¿ë. °Ýº¯È­ ÀÖÀ½.
               ex) Who is he?     He is Mr. Baker.
                   Who is the gentlmen?  He is my uncle.
                   Whose book is this?=Whose is this book?
                   Who(m) do you like?   ¹®¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î WhomÀÌÁö¸¸ ȸȭü¿¡¼­´Â ÁÖ°ÝÀÌ ¹®Àå ¾Õ¿¡ ¿À´Â
                                         °æÇâÀÌ °­Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Who¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾´´Ù.
    (2) whichÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- µ¿¹°À̳ª »ç¹°¿¡ ¾²ÀδÙ.
               ex) Which is faster, a bus or a train.
                   Who (or Which) is older, you or she?
    (3) whatÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- »ç¶÷¿¡ ¾²ÀÌ °æ¿ì Á÷¾÷À̳ª ½ÅºÐÀ» ¹°À» ¶§ ¾²ÀÓ.
               ex) What is she? (=What does she do?) She is a nurse.
    (4) Àǹ®´ë¸í»çÀÇ À§Ä¡
       ¨ç Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç°¡ ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÏ °æ¿ì, ±× ÀüÄ¡»ç´Â ¹®ÀÚÀÇ ¸Ç ¾ÕÀ̳ª ¸Ç ³¡¿¡ ¿Â´Ù.
               ex) Who(m) are you looking at? = At whom are you looking?
       ¨è °£Á¢Àǹ®¹®°ú Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç
               ex) Who is the man?
                   Do you know who the man is?
                   Who is he?
                   Who do you think he is?
    (5) Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç
               ex) What flower is that? = What kind of flower is that?
                   Whose book is this? = Whose is this book?
                   Which season do you like best?  I like spring best.
    (6) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç¿Í Á¶µ¿»ç- Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç°¡ ÁÖ¾îÀÌ¸é ±× ¾Õ¿¡ Á¶µ¿»ç¸¦ ¾²Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
               ex) Who broke the window? (0)
                   Did who break the window? ( )
               cf. Did Tom break the window?
                   Who can solve this problem?
                   Can who solve this problem? ( )
               cf. Can you solve this problem?


    Á¦ 5 Àå   °ü°è´ë¸í»ç(Relative Pronoun)

    1. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¿ë¹ý
    °ü°è´ë¸í»ç´Â ±Û°ú ±ÛÀ» ÀÕ´Â Á¢¼Ó»çÀÇ ±¸½Ç°ú ´ë¸í»çÀÇ ±¸½ÇÀ» °âÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù. °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¿¡´Â
    who, which, that, what µîÀÌ Àִµ¥, ¼±Çà»ç°¡ »ç¶÷À» °¡¸®Å°´Â°¡ »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°´Â°¡¿¡ µû¶ó ±× Áß¿¡
    ¼­ ¾î´À °ÍÀ» ¾²´À³Ä°¡ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù.

    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+  
    |  Á¾ ·ù  |    ¼± Çà »ç     | ÁÖ°Ý|   ¼Ò À¯ °Ý   |   ¸ñ Àû °Ý   |
    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+
    |   who   |    »ç     ¶÷    | who |    whose     |    whom      |
    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+
    |  which  |    µ¿¹° »ç¹°    |which|whose,of which|    which     |
    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+
    |  that   | »ç¶÷ µ¿¹° »ç¹°  |that |   --------   |     that     |
    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+
    |  what   |»ç¹°(¼±Çà»ç Æ÷ÇÔ)|what |   --------   |     what     |
    +---------+-----------------+-----+--------------+--------------+

    (1) who, whose, whomÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷ÀÏ °æ¿ì. who¿Í whomÀº that·Î ´ë½Å ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ
                                  ´Ù.
                   ex) That is the boy. He likes to play tennis.         (ÁÖ°Ý)
                   ¡æ  That is the boy who(or that)likes to play tennis.
                       The man is my uncle. He is working in the garden.
                   ¡æ  The man who is working in the garden is my uncle.
                       I know a girl. Her name is Judy.                  (¼ÒÀ¯°Ý)
                   ¡æ  I know a girl whose name is Judy.
                       This is the boy. I met him in the park yesterday. (¸ñÀû°Ý)
                   ¡æ  This is the boy whom I met in the park yesterday.
    (2) which, whose(of which), whichÀÇ ¿ë¹ý
                   ex) The books are his. They are on the desk.
                   ¡æ  The books which(or that) are on the desk are his.
                       Look at the book. Its cover is red.
                   ¡æ  Look at the book whose cover is red.
                   or  Look at the book of which the cover is red.
                   or  Look at the book the cover of which is red.
                       This is the book. She gave it to me yesterday.
                   ¡æ  This is the book which she gave me yesterday.
    (3) °ü°è´ë¸í»ç that¸¸ ¾²´Â °æ¿ì- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ [»ç¶÷+µ¿¹°], [»ç¶÷+»ç¹°]·Î µÇ¾î Àְųª, ¼±Çà»ç ¾Õ¿¡
                   Çü¿ë»çÀÇ ÃÖ»ó±Þ, ¼­¼ö, the only, the very, all, no, the same, Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç µîÀÌ
                   ¿Ã ¶§ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç that¸¦ ¾´´Ù. that¿¡´Â ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ¶Ç ÀüÄ¡»ç¸¦ ±× ¾Õ¿¡ ¾µ ¼ö
                   ¾ø´Ù.
                   ex) Look at the boy and his dog that are running here.
                       She is the prettiest lady that I have ever seen.
                       Jack is the first boy that solved this problem.
                       He is the only poet that I know well.
                       She is the very girl that I wanted to see.
                       This is all the money that he has.
                       There is no man that doesn't love his own country.
                       I use the same books that my sister used.
                       Who is the gentleman that is standing over there?
    (4) whatÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç what´Â ¼±Çà»ç¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Çؼ®Àº [-ÇÏ´Â °Í]À¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. what¿¡
                   ´Â ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
                   ex) We love what is true. [what=the thing that(or which)]
                       What he said is true.
                       This is what I don't understand well.

    2. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö ¿ë¹ý
        °ü°è´ë¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ comma(,)°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿Í ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì
       (1) Á¦ÇÑÀû ¿ë¹ý(ÇÑÁ¤Àû ¿ë¹ý)- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ comma(,)°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì·Î, Çؼ®Àº °ü°è´ë¸í»ç µÞ
                                     ºÎºÐÀ» ¸ÕÀú ÇÑ´Ù.
                   ex) He had two sons who became officers.  (¾ÆµéÀº µÑ ÀÌ»ó)
       (2) °è¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ý(¿¬¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ý)- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ comma(,)°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì. Çؼ®Àº ¾Õ¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ Â÷·Ê´ë
                                     ·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
                   ex) He had two sons, who became officers. (¾ÆµéÀº µÑ»Ó)
       (3) °è¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ýÀÇ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç´Â ³»¿ë¿¡ µû¶ó °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¸¦ [and, but, for, though + ´ë¸í»ç]·Î
                       ¹Ù²Ù¾î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
                   ex) I visited Mary, who gave me this book.
                   ¡æ  I visited Mary, and she gave me this book.
                       He went for the book, which was not in the library.
                   ¡æ  He went for the book, but it was not in the library.
                       I don't like the boy, who tells a lie.
                   ¡æ  I don't like the boy, for he tells a lie.
                       I don't know the girl, who lives near my house.
                   ¡æ  I don't know the girl, though she lives near my house.
    ¡Ø °ü°è´ë¸í»ç what¿Í that¿¡´Â °è¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ýÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
                   ex) I cannot understand what he says.     (¸ÂÀ½)
                       I cannot understand, what he says.    (Ʋ¸²)
                       He has a horse, which runs very fast. (¸ÂÀ½)
                       He has a horse which runs very fast.  (¸ÂÀ½)
                       He has a horse, that runs very fast.  (Ʋ¸²)

    3. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ ÁÖÀÇÇÒ ¿ë¹ý
    (1) °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ »ý·«- Á¦ÇÑÀû ¿ë¹ý¿¡¼­ °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû°ÝÀº »ý·«ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
                   ex) This is the farmer (whom or that) I met in the field.
                       The movie (which or that) I saw yesterday was interesting.
    ¡Ø [ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç + beµ¿»ç]°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ »ý·«µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
                   ex) The watch (which is) on the table is hers.
                       Look at the boy (who is) sleeping under the tree.
                       This is the only book (that was)written by him.
    (2) °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¿Í ÀüÄ¡»ç- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡ ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÏ ¶§, ÀüÄ¡»ç¸¦ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç ¾Õ¿¡ µÎ¾îµµ
                              ÁÁ°í, ÀüÄ¡»ç¸¦ ¹®ÀåÀÇ ¸Ç µÚ¿¡ µÎ¾îµµ ÁÁ´Ù.
                   ex) That is the village. He lives in it.
                       That is the village which he lives in.
                    or That is the village in which he lives.
                    or That is the village he lives in.
    (3) º¹ÇÕ°ü°è´ë¸í»ç- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¿¡ -ever°¡ ºÙÀº Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ¼±Çà»ç°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
                   ex) Whoever may come here, you must be kind to him.
                       I will give you whatever book you want to read.
                     = I will give you any book that you want to read.
    (4) ÀÇ»ç°ü°è´ë¸í»ç- Á¢¼Ó»ç as´Â ¼±Çà»ç ¾Õ¿¡ such, the sameÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î ¾²ÀδÙ.
                   ex) This is the same watch as I lost. [°°Àº Á¾·ù]
                       This is the same watch that I lost. [µ¿ÀÏ ¹°°Ç]
    ¡á ¼±Çà»ç¿¡ ¼ö½Ä¾î°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¿Í ¼±Çà»ç°¡ ¶³¾îÁø´Ù.
                   ex) Do you know the boy with a ball who is standing at the gate?
                   cf. Do you know the boy with a ball which is very new?


    Á¦ 6 Àå   Àǹ®ºÎ»ç °ü°èºÎ»ç

    Àǹ®ºÎ»ç : ¹®ÀåÀÇ ¸Ç ¾Õ¿¡¼­ Àǹ®¹®À» À¯µµÇϰųª °£Á¢Àǹ®¹®À» ¸¸µé ¶§ ¾²ÀδÙ.
                 where, when, how, why°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
    1. Àǹ®ºÎ»çÀÇ ¿ë¹ý

    (1) whereÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- [¾îµð¿¡]¶ó°í Àå¼Ò¸¦ ¹°À» °æ¿ì¿¡ ¾²ÀÓ
             ex) Where do you eat lunch?
    (2) whenÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- [¾ðÁ¦]¶ó°í ½Ã°£À» ¹°À» ¶§ ¾²ÀÓ.
             ex) When did you meet him?
                 I met him the day before yesterday.
    (3) howÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- [¾ó¸¶³ª, ¾î¶»°Ô] µî Á¤µµ³ª ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹°À» ¶§ ¾²ÀÓ.
             ex) How many books do you have?
                 I have about two hundred books.
                 How old is your father?     He is forty-five years old.
                 How tall are you?      I am five feet three inches tall.
                 How much money do you have?     I have one thousand won.
                 How far is it from here to your school?
                 How long does it take from here to the station?
                 How do they go to church?   They go to church by bus.
                 How much is this book? = What is the price of this book?
    (4) whyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- [¿Ö]¶ó°í ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¹°¾îº¼ ¶§ ¾²ÀÓ.
             ex) Why were you absent from school yesterday?
                 Because I had a cold.
       ¡á °£Á¢Àǹ®¹®ÀÇ ¾î¼ø- Àǹ®»ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ [ÁÖ¾î + µ¿»ç]
             ex) +-Where is his father? Do you know?
                 +-Do you know where his father is?
                 +-When did he go there? Do you know?
                 +-Do you know when he went there?    [did + go ¡æ went]
                 +-How old am I?  Do you think?
                 +-How old do you think I am?

    2. °ü°èºÎ»çÀÇ ¿ë¹ý

    °ü°èºÎ»ç : µÎ °³ÀÇ ±ÛÀ» °áÇÕ½ÃÅ°´Â Á¢¼Ó»ç¿Í ºÎ»çÀÇ ±¸½ÇÀ» Çϴµ¥, where, when, why, how°¡
                ÀÖ´Ù. °ü°èºÎ»ç´Â ¼±Çà»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â Çü¿ë»çÀýÀ» À̲ø¸ç, [ÀüÄ¡»ç+°ü°è´ë¸í»ç(which)]·Î
                ¹Ù²Ù¾î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+
    |  ¿ë  µµ  |   ¼±Çà»ç    |   °ü°èºÎ»ç    |  ÀüÄ¡»ç + °ü°è´ë¸í»ç   |
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+
    |  Àå  ¼Ò  |  the place  |      where    |    in (or at) which    |
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+
    |  ½Ã  °£  |  the time   |      when     |    on (or at) which    |
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+
    |  ÀÌ  À¯  |  the reason |      why      |    for which           |
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+
    |  ¹æ  ¹ý  |  (the way)  |      how      |    in which            |
    +----------+-------------+---------------+------------------------+

    (1) whereÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ [Àå¼Ò]ÀÏ ¶§
             ex) This is the house. She lives there.
                 This is the house and she lives in it.
                 This is the house where she lives.      [°ü°èºÎ»ç]
                 This is the house in which she lives.   [ÀüÄ¡»ç + °ü°è´ë¸í»ç]
                 This is the house which she lives in.
                 This is the house she lives in.         [°ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ »ý·«]
    (2) whenÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ [½Ã°£]ÀÏ ¶§
             ex) I don't remember the day. Mr. kim left Seoul on the day.
                 I don't remember the day when Mr. Kim left Seoul.
                 I don't remember the day on which Mr. Kim left Seoul.
    (3) whyÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ [ÀÌÀ¯]ÀÏ ¶§
             ex) Do you know the reason? He didn't come for the reason.
                 Do you know the reason why he didn't come?
                 Do you know the reason for which he didn't come?
    (4) howÀÇ ¿ë¹ý- ¼±Çà»ç°¡ the wayÀÎ °æ¿ì. the way ȤÀº how¸¸ ¾²µçÁö, the way that ȤÀº
                     the way in which¸¦ ¾´´Ù.
             ex) Tell me the way. You solved the problem in the way.
                 Tell me the way you solved the problem.
                 Tell me how you solved the problem.
                 Tell me the way that you solved the problem.
                 Tell me the way in which you solved the problem.

    3. °ü°èºÎ»çÀÇ ÁÖÀÇÇÒ ¿ë¹ý

    (1) Á¦ÇÑÀû ¿ë¹ý- °ü°èºÎ»ç ¾Õ¿¡ comma(,)°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì
             ex) Sunday is the day when we go to church.
    (2) °è¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ý- °ü°èºÎ»ç ¾Õ¿¡ comma(,)°¡ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì·Î¼­, [Á¢¼Ó»ç+ºÎ»ç]·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
                      why¿Í how´Â °è¼ÓÀû ¿ë¹ý¿¡ ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
             ex) We went to Cheju Island, where we stayed for a week.
               = We went to Cheju Island, and we stayed there for a week.
                 I went to Pusan yesterday, when I met a friend of mine.
    (3) °ü°èºÎ»çÀÇ ¼±Çà»ç »ý·«
             ex) This is (the reason) why he came here.
                 That is (the place) where we play in the afternoon.
    (4) º¹ÇÕ°ü°èºÎ»ç- wherever, whenever, howeverÀÇ ÇüŸ¦ À§Çϸç, ¼±Çà»ç¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
             ex) He gets lost wherever he goes.
               = He gets lost at any place where he goes.
                 He is busy whenever I call on him.
                 However hard you may study, you must always be careful about your health.
       ¡Ø that°¡ °ü°èºÎ»çÀÇ ´ë¿ëÀ» ÇÒ ¶§°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
             ex) I don't remember the day that he left Seoul. (=when)
                 This is the reason that I did so.            (=why)

    Á¦ 7 Àå   Çü¿ë»ç(Adjective)

    1. Çü¿ë»çÀÇ Á¾·ù

    (1) ´ë¸íÇü¿ë»ç- ´ë¸í»ç°¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â Çü¿ë»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϴ°Í.
       ¨ç This pencil is different from that one. [Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç]
       ¨è What school do you want to go to?       [Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç]
       ¨é Any child can do that.                  [ºÎÁ¤Çü¿ë»ç¡çºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç]
    (2) ¼ö·®Çü¿ë»ç- ¼ö·®À» Ç¥½Ã.
               +--±â¼ö : one, two, three, four.......
       ¨ç ¼ö»ç-+--¼­¼ö : first, second, third, fourth......
               +--¹è¼ö : half, twice, three times(thrice)......

       ¨è ºÎÁ¤¼ö·®Çü¿ë»ç : some, any, few, little, many, much......
    (3) ¼º»óÇü¿ë»ç- »ç¹°ÀÇ ¼ºÁú Á¾·ù »óŸ¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â Çü¿ë»ç
       ¨ç º»·¡ÀÇ Çü¿ë»ç·Î µÈ °Í : a wise boy, a pretty doll
       ¨è ¹°Áú¸í»ç¿¡¼­ ¿Â °Í    : a silver spoon, a g

    Prev
       ¡á ¿©Çà½Ã ²À ¿Ü¿ö¾ßÇÒ ¿µ¾îȸȭ ¡á

    sysop
    Next
       ¡Ú (¿µ¾î) °ü¿ëÇ¥Çö 177°¡Áö... ¡Ú [45]

    sysop


    Copyright 1999-2024 Zeroboard / skin by Zetyx